Comprehensive Phytochemical Characterization and Molecular Insights into the Anticancer Activity of Itrifal-e-Aftimoon: An Integrated HPLC-DAD, LC-MS/MS, and Mechanistic Approach

Introduction Cancer continues to represent one of the foremost global health burdens, with conventional chemotherapy, radiotherapy and targeted agents constrained by toxicity, acquired resistance and limited accessibility in resource-poor settings [1]. Approximately 60% of currently used anticancer drugs are derived from natural products or their synthetic analogues [2], and this has renewed scientific interest in traditional pharmacopoeias including Ayurveda, Traditional…